Motion Definitions

 

Distance & Displacement

Speed & Velocity

Acceleration

Motion Graphs

 

Series and Parallel

 

This is a circuit with one light bulb, a switch that turns the circuit on and off, and two batteries.

SERIES is when light bulbs are put in a row and are in the SAME LOOP. 

PARALLEL is when light bulbs are connected to the SAME BATTERY, but have their OWN LOOPS.

Types of Circuits

A complete circuit is a properly working circuit. It requires a SOURCE of energy, something to USE the energy, and something to CARRY the energy like a wire.

Field Lines

 

FIELDS are created by both ELECTRIC CHARGES and MAGNETS. These FIELDS can push or pull on something from a distance. These FIELD LINES show the direction of the push or the pull.

Charge Interactions

 

Opposites attract!

Induction is when a FIELD is created by a charge. The ELECTRONS inside the field are affected. They either MOVE AWAY or MOVE TOWARDS depending on the charge creating the field.

Polarization

 

Colors - filters and objects

 We name objects after the color they REFLECT. We name filters after the color they LET THROUGH.

Color Wheel

3 Interactions of Light

Light can: (1) Reflect (2) Absorb (3) Go through

It can also do a combination of all three.

 

How do we see?

 

EM Spectrum Size & Usage

 

EM Spectrum

 

Analog and Digital

 

Inverse Square Law

 

Intensity = 1 / distance^2

When you get farther away, the sound gets less intense (quieter)

Sound Wave

 

Image of a sound wave traveling through particles.

Wave Speed Equation

Watch THIS VIDEO which shows some example problems

 

Labeled Waves

 

Constructive and Deconstructive Waves

 Constructive Interference is when waves ADD or BUILD. The waves are on the SAME SIDE.

Deconstructive Interference is when waves SUBTRACT or CANCEL each other (temporarily until they're no longer overlapping). The waves are on OPPOSITE SIDES.

You can also have interference with standing waves. Look to see how they're "in sync" or "out of sync" and how that makes them add to be bigger or cancel to be smaller.

Examples:

A (+2) + (+3) wave = +5 wave

A (-2) + (+3) wave = +1 wave

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Transverse & Longitudinal

Waves are a way in which energy is transferred. You can see the energy moving forward. The difference between transverse and longitudinal is the direction the medium travels in relation to the energy.